What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Land, personal possessions, and self. Not necessarily in that order.
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What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by ronaldfarnham »

I called the Brevard County [FLORIDA] Property Appraiser. The Property Appraiser sends the appraisal of your property to the Tax Collector. The Tax Collector formulates a bill based on the value of your property. Items taxed vary from 0.1% to 8.5%. They bill you for many different services. Here in Florida they charge us percentages for items like General Fund, City, Mosquito spraying, waste disposal, etc. When I called the property appraiser and told them that my mother had the WARRANTY DEED, which according to the County Recorder and the Title Company is the superior title of control of the property thus making my mother the responsible party for the property and that I wanted her property removed from the appraiser's list so that my mother can decide what the value of her house is and what items she wanted to pay, they put me on hold and then disconnected me. I called back today [4 Nov 2015] and they said if we don't pay our city taxes then a lien can be placed on the property and then eventually the property goes up for auction and is sold and we are evicted; even though she has superior legal title to the property. So in effect, the Tax Collector controls your property by police force. We own nothing in America. The UNITED STATES CORPORATION is using police power to enforce their control of our land. But, is the WARRANTY DEED truly the Paramount Title or Superior Legal Title of the property?
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by editor »

Title in land is often compared with a bundle of sticks. The sticks can be all owned by one man, or can be distributed amongst a theoretically unlimited number of persons.

Since your question goes to the very nature of splitting hairs, the phrase "superior legal title" is not sufficiently descriptive.

If you own all the sticks in the bundle, you would be said to hold the land "in allodium".

Your evidence of title, whatever that might be in your particular case, would show that your title is "Allodial".

Most people's best evidence of title is a warranty deed, but at best that conveys title in "fee simple". This means, in essence, you are a serf in possession of a feud.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by notmartha »

A warranty deed is not complete ownership. It is only a step in the ownership process. STATE has interest in property until they relinquish that interest in the form of a patent. The five step process goes like this:

Application - someone requests from state a particular piece of land
Warrant - a written order to survey which restates the amount and location in the application
Survey - going upon land, measuring and marking metes and bounds
Return of Survey - written restatement combining info from warrant and survey, with purchase price and fees
Patent - final deed from state passing ownership

Most people only ever went as far as the warrant or survey. They never finished the process, usually due to lack of funds, abandonment, or ignorance.

A patent is superior title, but absolute ownership requires you to hold the land. That is the hard part.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by ronaldfarnham »

Thank you NOTMARTHA. That corroborates what I am learning. I am researching the Land Patenet process and will go through that process with all of my land.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by notmartha »

From What is Property?, by P. J. Proudhon found HERE.
Let us now trace the revolutions in property among the Barbarians.

As long as the German tribes dwelt in their forests, it did not occur to them to divide and appropriate the soil. The land was held in common: each individual could plow, sow, and reap. But, when the empire was once invaded, they bethought themselves of sharing the land, just as they shared spoils after a victory. "Hence," says M. Laboulaye, "the expressions sortes Burgundiorum Gothorum and {GREEK, ' k }; hence the German words allod, allodium, and loos, lot, which are used in all modern languages to designate the gifts of chance."

Allodial property, at least with the mass of coparceners, was originally held, then, in equal shares; for all of the prizes were equal, or, at least, equivalent. This property, like that of the Romans, was wholly individual, independent, exclusive, transferable, and consequently susceptible of accumulation and invasion. But, instead of its being, as was the case among the Romans, the large estate which, through increase and usury, subordinated and absorbed the small one, among the Barbarians—fonder of war than of wealth, more eager to dispose of persons than to appropriate things—it was the warrior who, through superiority of arms, enslaved his adversary. The Roman wanted matter; the Barbarian wanted man. Consequently, in the feudal ages, rents were almost nothing,—simply a hare, a partridge, a pie, a few pints of wine brought by a little girl, or a Maypole set up within the suzerain's reach. In return, the vassal or incumbent had to follow the seignior to battle (a thing which happened almost every day), and equip and feed himself at his own expense. "This spirit of the German tribes—this spirit of companionship and association—governed the territory as it governed individuals. The lands, like the men, were secured to a chief or seignior by a bond of mutual protection and fidelity. This subjection was the labor of the German epoch which gave birth to feudalism. By fair means or foul, every proprietor who could not be a chief was forced to be a vassal." (Laboulaye: History of Property.)

By fair means or foul, every mechanic who cannot be a master has to be a journeyman; every proprietor who is not an invader will be invaded; every producer who cannot, by the exploitation of other men, furnish products at less than their proper value, will lose his labor. Corporations and masterships, which are hated so bitterly, but which will reappear if we are not careful, are the necessary results of the principle of competition which is inherent in property; their organization was patterned formerly after that of the feudal hierarchy, which was the result of the subordination of men and possessions.
If you can't hold your land (be your own chief/proprietor ) you will be a vassal (beneficiary), no matter what your paper title says.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

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STEPS TO PATENT YOUR LAND
1. Procure the legal description of your piece of ground. If you do not have it, you can get it at the assessor’s office, or at the nearest title company.
2. Find the address of your Bureau of Land Management [BLM] office from the back of this book.
3. Send your property’s legal description, along with a blank signed check on which you have written, “not to exceed $20,” and a request for a certified copy of the original land patent for your legal description. It will usually be for 160 acres but you will patent only your legal description.
It must be a certified copy. If it is not then do not use it; it will invalidate your patent and you will think you are protected but if you had to go to court to defend it then you would lose.
4. Use the certified copy of your original land patent to fill out the Assignee’s Update of Patent form in the back of this book.
5. Take the completed unsigned ‘assignee’s update of patent’ to the nearest notary and have it notarized. Everyone who has an interest in the property must sign the update (wife/husband). Those with a fiduciary interest (bankers, speculators, etc.) will find out when you send them your notice that you have updated the patent on your property. Execute a trust agreement with your lender so his interests are protected.
6. Take the signed, notarized update of patent, the certified copy of the original land patent, and your declaration of homestead (optional) to your county recorder’s office and present it for recording. This will cost about under $100 depending on the number of pages you have and the number of pieces of property you have (only one declaration of homestead per person).
7. Go to the local paper and publish a notice for three days running of what you just did, along with a legal description of the property (similar to the one in the back of this book). This will suffice as notice to all who have equity interest in your property.

On the surface it appears that you can steal your neighbor’s land. One of the areas that a land patent can be attacked is via fraud, fraud nullifies anything it touches. Then you come under common law and that is a jurisdiction from which you cannot hide.

There are two rules by which a sovereign must abide.
(1) You cannot infringe on the rights of another sovereign.
(2) You must keep all contracts that you enter into knowingly, intentionally, and voluntarily.

If you steal one’s ground via a technicality you have infringed on one’s right to own property and one has recourse. We are in upheaval because the bankers attempted to destroy your allodial titles and you are paying the price until we get it back on track.

8. Make a copy of the forgoing documents and send them to everyone who has an equitable interest in your property. If your lender is astute and he’s not a corporation he will already have filed his patent which you will get when you pay off your ground. Make arrangements with the holder of equity interest in your ground for him to take silver or gold instead of Federal Reserve notes. You have then paid off your debt, not satisfied it with limited obligation, which is what you do when you use FRN’s.

Then there can never be a question about your patent for there will be no mistakes nor fraud and it will be paid in lawful money (gold or silver).

9. Wait 90 days until your patent is perfected and re-record the front page of your update of patent; this is insurance to be sure the servant doesn’t futz with the document. If your recorder is honest and smart you will have no trouble and he will record your paperwork, the law does not give him the right to make a legal determination of what to file and what not to file. That is the court’s duty. If the recorder does question you then ask him the three magic questions;
(1) Show in your state’s code what his job is; point out to him the law - it’s the same in every state or close enough for government work. If he still does not record your documents, then
(2) Demand a copy of his surety bond and
(3) The name of his insurance carrier for that bond.

Inform him that you need this because you intend to file a claim with his insurance company against his bond. A lot of them are duped and don’t know they are being used. At this point he is going to start hollering for risk management (the banker’s boys). This is when risk management usually caves in. Some may be obstinate and continue to fight but eventually they can’t handle the pressure. If risk management gets stubborn you can also file against their surety bond too.
SURETY BOND INFO: http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/D ... GV.653.htm

When the insurance company tells them that if they continue they will lose big, they give up resistance. You can inform the recorder of what the consequences are when he loses, which he will do, because the law is on your side, even in court. Those consequences are a loss of deductible. If the loss is big enough he loses pension, benefits, and eventually if it goes so far that he is convicted of denying your constitutional right, he loses his job, house & land. You get the house and assets; it’s worth pursuing.

10. Make copies of your land patent and post it at all four corners of your property; telling the world that this is a sovereign’s castle.

You have been hoodwinked into believing that you’re a mouse when in fact you are a lion. Our founding fathers knew that true and absolute ownership of land was the cornerstone to freedom and liberty. You now know how to patent your land and arrive at allodial title and ownership. The rest is up to you. No longer are you a slave under unjust and illegal rule; you are the captain of your fate and master of your soul. Now it truly is your choice, as you now know how to do it. It is not theory but fact.

How to Defend It
Local GovernMents [ControlMinds] and departments might challenge you. You must know the law or have ready reference to it.

What follows are excerpts from significant court cases so that you can win. You have 170 years of case law supporting the patent. Tell your lawyer to read this book. If he can’t guarantee victory, walk. If you are not willing to walk the walk and talk the talk don’t enter the arena. You are a sovereign. God is the only one higher than you. No servant behind a desk can dictate to you if you remember who you are. Here goes.

PATENT AS TITLE
Originally, the intent of congress was to protect the sovereign freeholders and create a permanent system of land ownership in the country. Today the stated intent of congress is to retain the family farm. To do this, it is necessary to protect the sovereign on his ground and to make sure he can keep it. The land patent and the various patent acts are for this purpose. If the patent is regular in its form then the law will not presume that it was obtained by fraud of the public right.

There are four ways a patent can be voided,
(I) you do it voluntarily,
(2) The original was fraudulently obtained,
(3) It is voided on its face
(4) It is set aside by a court of law.
~ A court of law means a COMMON LAW Court, not
~ Equity court or
~ Admiralty court, not
~ World courts
but the only court of law that has jurisdiction over a sovereign American, a common law court.

This principle on land patents is not an arbitrary rule of law established by courts, it is a doctrine which is founded upon reason and the soundest principles of public policy. It was adopted in the interest of peace in the society and permanent security of titles.

“An estate of inheritance without condition, belonging to the owner, and alienable by him,
transmissable to his heirs, absolutely and simply, is an absolute estate in perpetuity and the
largest possible estate a man can have, being in fact allodial in its nature.” [Stanton V. Sullivan.
63 RI. 216696 (1839)]

“unless fraud is shown, this rule is held to apply to patents executed by the public authorities.”
[State v. Hewitt Land Co., 134 p. 474,479 (1913)

“legal titles cannot be conveyed except in the form provided by law.” [McGarrahan v. Mining
Co. 96 U.S. 316 (1877)]

THE WORD LAW MEANS COMMON LAW
When the word law is used it means common law. Courts are not law, they are equity or admiralty which has no jurisdiction over a sovereign unless the sovereign’s acquiesce.

CHALLENGE EVERY COURT THAT YOU ENTER
If you don’t challenge the jurisdiction of every court that you enter then you freely give away all of your God-given rights. The GovernMents [ControlMinds], or courts, were not instituted to protect your rights, and does protect your rights.

“legal title to property is contingent upon the patent issuing from the government.” [Sabo v.
Horvath, 559 p. 2d 1038, 1040 (aka. 1976)]

“that the patent carries the fee and is the best title known to a court of law is settled doctrine of
this court,” [Marshall v. Ladd, 7 Wall. (74 U.S.) 106 (1869)]

“a patent issued by the government of united states is legal and conclusive evidence of title to
the land described therein, ho equitable interest, however strong, to land described in such
patent can prevail at law, against the patent.” [Land Patents, Opinions of the United States
Attorney General’s office. (Sept.1869)]

Officials are not Americans but rather lackeys of a foreign power structure.

“a patent is the highest evidence of title, and is conclusive against the government and all claiming under junior titles, until it is set aside or annulled by some judicial tribunal.” [Stone
v. United States, 1 Well. (67 U.S. 765 (1865)]

“the patent is the instrument which, under the laws of congress, passes title from the United
States and the patent when regular on its face, is conclusive evidence of title in the patentee, when there is a confrontation between two parties as to the superior legal title, the patent is conclusive evidence as to ownership.” [Gibson v. Chauteau, 13 Wall 92 (1871)]

“congress having the sole power to declare the dignity and effect it’s titles has declared the patent to be the superior and conclusive evidence of the legal title.” [Bagnell v. Broderick, 38
U.S. 438 (1839)]

“issuance of a government patent granting title to the land is ‘the most accredited type of conveyance know to our law’ “, [United States v. Creek Nation, 295 U.S. 103,111, (1935)];
[United States v. Cherokee Nation, 474 f. 2d 628,634 (1973)]

“the patent is prima facie conclusive evidence of the title.” [Marsh v. Brooks, 49 U.S. 223,233
(1850)]

“a patent, once issued, is the highest evidence of title, and is final determination of the existence
of all facts,” [Walton v. United States, 415 f2d 121,123 (10th cir. (1969)]

“a patent is prima facie valid and if its validity can be attacked at all, the burden of proof is upon the defendant” [State v. Crawford, 475 p.2d (Ariz. app. 1970)]
When you go after them they have to prove it, not you.

“a patent to land is the highest evidence of title and may not be collaterally attacked” [State v.
Crawford, 441p2d 586,590 (Ariz. app.1968)]

“the land patent is the highest evidence of title and is immune from collateral attack.” [Raestle
v. Whitson, 582 p.2d 170,172 (1978)]

“patents rights to the land is the title in fee.” [City Of Los Angeles V. Board Of Supervisors Of
Mono County, 292 P. 2d 539 (1956)]

“the patent is the fee simple,” [Squire v. Capoeman, 351 U.S. 1, 6 (1956) ]

“and the patent is required to carry the, fee,” [ Carter v. Ruddy, 166 U.S. 493, 496 (1896) ]

“it is the largest estate in land that the law will recognize, a fee simple estate still exists even though the property is mortgaged or encumbered” [Hughes V. Miller’s Mutual Fire Insurance
co., 246 s.w. 23 (1923)]

“state statutes that give less authoritative ownership of title than the patent can not even be brought into federal court.” [Langdon V. Sherwood, l24 U.S. 74,81 (1887)]

They will attempt to get you in equity court or even admiralty at the state level. State courts have no jurisdiction.

“the congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States.” [Constitution Of The United States Of America, Article IV, Section III, Clause 11.]

Klais V. Danowsk
Michigan case [Klais V. Danowski, 337 Mich. Reports 1964, Michigan Supreme Court] held that, based on the supreme law of the land, patents to land were not cut off by the subsequent creation of the state and that the state has no jurisdiction on the patented lands. Michigan Attorney General Frank Kelly found he could not attack a patent that is valid on its face. That means that neither the Michigan Supreme Court (or any other state supreme court), nor any lesser court can overturn the U. S. Constitution, acts of congress, a state’s enabling act and constitution, nor over 200 years of U.S. supreme court decisions upholding and abiding by the supreme law of the land which has always held that land patents convey and confirm absolute title to land.

Being the absolute legal title to land, the land patent, derived from the U.S. Constitution, makes the United States of America a party of interest in any attack on that title in courts of law. The only court of original and proper jurisdiction is the Supreme Court of the United States. The lesser federal courts can not rule on the force and effect of the patent. They must abide by the legislative intent.

A claim might be that patented land is outside of the jurisdiction of whom ever is attempting to deprive you of your property. This is a good defense to start with. If someone tells you that there is no such thing as allodial title or land patents or land grants or that such things are for mining claims only you can educate them. If, after you tell them the truth, they still insist, then you know you are dealing with the enemy or an idiot or both.

GOVERNMENT HARASSMENT
Quote This Case
Hafer v. Melo - Title 18, United States Code, sec. 241
Should officials harass you, you can quote the following Supreme Court decision

[Hafer v. Melo, 90 681 U. S. (1991)], that held under title 42, United States Code, sec. 1983 suits
“every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any state subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured.”

Don’t quote sec. 242; because that section is for federal citizens under federal jurisdiction and that is something you don’t want to be. You want sovereign jurisdiction of common law (no victim no crime ergo no penalty).
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by editor »

There is a lot of erroneous information put out by the patriot community. It's not their fault-- everyone is looking for answers, and good answers are hard to come by.

The title of this topic has to do with property rights, and no one more than me would like to find a silver bullet with regard to allodial title to land. I think it's the single most important issue. The land offers us shelter, food, and a place to exist. Land is life; steal a man's land, and it's worse than stealing his horse. We all know what happened to horsethieves in the old west.

So when I point out some of the problems with what you've written, ronaldfarnham, please don't take it personally. We're all here to learn and, when possible, to teach.
2. Find the address of your Bureau of Land Management [BLM] office from the back of this book.
The Bureau of Land Management has jurisdiction over land (surface and minerals) currently owned by the federal government. If "your piece of ground" is not currently owned by the federal government, then the BLM most-likely has no jurisdiction over it. If it is owned by the federal government then it is not "your piece of ground", it's theirs.
3. Send your property’s legal description, along with a blank signed check on which you have written, “not to exceed $20,” and a request for a certified copy of the original land patent for your legal description. It will usually be for 160 acres but you will patent only your legal description. It must be a certified copy. If it is not then do not use it; it will invalidate your patent and you will think you are protected but if you had to go to court to defend it then you would lose.
For years I've read patriot literature about applying for, and obtaining a certified copy of the patent to your land, filing it with the County Recorder, and somehow magically gaining rights you did not formerly have.

I've been in the oil and gas business for many years. I've run title histories myself on many hundreds of properties, and have supervised projects where I have reviewed the title for literally thousands of properties. In all but the extremely rare case, most land patents are already filed with the County Recorder. If you want to find the patent for your property, you don't have to go to BLM, just research the chain of title for your land. Go back far enough, and you'll find the patent.
4. Use the certified copy of your original land patent to fill out the Assignee’s Update of Patent form in the back of this book.
Can you tell me what this is quoted from? It sounds like it came from the Book of the Hundreds (available in PDF format on this website), but it's been so long since I read that book, I don't know. And I don't have the time to research it at the moment. I'd like to see the document in question, so if any Readers know where it's at and can give me a pointer, please do.

In any case, if you're going to fill out any sort of update of patent form, you're going to need a full title history anyway. The patent was not issued in your name, it was issued to someone else, somewhere between one-hundred and two-hundred years ago, and it was probably for a larger chunk of land than is described in your deed (as ronaldfarnham has already pointed out). The point is, you can't just fill out the form using the name of the guy on the patent, and then your name, and say... "ahem, by the way, I own it now." What you really need to fulfil this requirement is a complete abstract of title-- a full list of every single deed or instrument, beginning with the patent, and ending with your warranty deed. You need to be able to show that every single transaction was done correctly, and that full title was granted.

I mentioned earlier the "bundle of sticks" analogy to land rights. Along the line in that abstract of title, you will probably find electric easements, natural gas easements, and other rights-of-way. You may find reservations of mineral rights, water rights, or other things such as signage, etc. Many deeds come with restrictions, especially in subdivisions.

Allodial title means you own all the sticks. If a single stick is missing, then your rights cannot be allodial.

There are a lot of other things in your list I could nitpick. Each one is important in its own right. I don't want to appear petty, and I certainly don't want anyone to lose hope-- after all, that's why I created this forum in the first place. I want to find the answer to this puzzle. That's why it's important I point out things I've often seen, which I already know are wrong.

For example, I think you're right about exchanging silver or gold for the land, rather than accepting the benefit of using Federal Reserve notes. But I also think our County Recorder's offices have been co-opted by commercial criminal entities, and that to a large extent they no longer represent us. Notaries Public are government-appointed witnesses. So does having a document notarized, and then recording it with the County Recorder taint it? I don't know, but I can tell you that recording a document is usually necessary in most States, before a court will take cognizance of it. In other words, recording it places it within the courts' jurisdiction. And of course most documents must first be notarized before they can be recorded. This is an issue that needs more study.

One more thing I can't let pass, at least for today's comments:
One of the areas that a land patent can be attacked is via fraud, fraud nullifies anything it touches (emphasis added).
I wish I had a nickel for every time I've heard someone say that, or something like it. The statement is completely false. Void and null are the same thing, so you're saying, for example, that fraud will void a contract. It does not.

Fraud causes any agreement, contract, etc., to be voidable. Voidable means that the defrauded party has the option to declare the contract void for cause. If the defrauded party takes no action, then in spite of the fraud the contract is valid. Even if the defrauded person declares the contract void, he has merely created a controversy. The person having allegedly committed fraud may move to enforce the contract, and now it is up to the courts to decide.

The biggest reason for wanting land in allodium is to remove the requirement for paying tribute (property taxes). Other reasons include fealty (Selective Service), and freedom from zoning and other land-use restrictions.

I will be convinced we've found the silver bullet when someone can prove to me they've been on their land for five or more years without paying property tax, and never gone to jail. I've already written about my friend Art, who kept his land for eight years without paying taxes, but he served a yearly thirty-day vacation with the county for his trouble.

That's all I have time for right now.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by ronaldfarnham »

I agree with what you have written and I will do more research. Most of this information has come from this PDF file which I found online: http://freedom-school.com/land_patents- ... _title.pdf
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by editor »

I meant to make an additional point earlier:

Most of the patents I've seen have been in States which were not a part of the original thirteen colonies, but were States which had been a part of the Northwest Territories (originally a possession of Virginia); such as Michigan and Indiana.

In some of the smaller counties in those States, the very old property tax records can still be viewed. Most of the larger counties have run out of storage space, and have "lost" or destroyed those records. Of the old property tax records I have seen, the original patent holders are listed on the county's property tax rolls.

Although I have not exhaustively studied the history of property tax laws in America, the listing of original patent holders on the property tax rolls, at least insofar the States with which I am familiar, would seem to contradict the theory that "perfecting a patent" might exempt from property taxes any eventual assignee of that patent.

Here's a brief history of property taxes I found with a Startpage search:

http://eh.net/encyclopedia/history-of-p ... ed-states/

It doesn't give enough detail to be truly useful, but it does give enough information to show that the property tax is far from a recent invention.
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Re: What is the name of the Title of control of a Property

Post by notmartha »

editor wrote:I meant to make an additional point earlier:

Most of the patents I've seen have been in States which were not a part of the original thirteen colonies, but were States which had been a part of the Northwest Territories (originally a possession of Virginia); such as Michigan and Indiana.

In some of the smaller counties in those States, the very old property tax records can still be viewed. Most of the larger counties have run out of storage space, and have "lost" or destroyed those records. Of the old property tax records I have seen, the original patent holders are listed on the county's property tax rolls..
This is true. I should have qualified my post with: my research and experience with land patents is in regards to land in what were the original 13 colonies. I have no experience and very minimal knowledge of what goes on with the BLM, created in 1946. It may be the same method to obtain a patent, or it might not.

I've seen a LOT of misinformation out there, and people scurrying around looking for patents where they are not to be found. Check your county, then your state archives, then BLM (if not in 13 colonies). While you may not find an original, a lot has been copied onto microfilm, and a lot of that even posted on the net. Check out genealogy sites, where people have gone to great lengths to track down ancestors. On a quick search I found this, which may or may not help Ronald: http://www.worldvitalrecords.com/indexi ... x?ix=blmfl
editor wrote:Although I have not exhaustively studied the history of property tax laws in America, the listing of original patent holders on the property tax rolls, at least insofar the States with which I am familiar, would seem to contradict the theory that "perfecting a patent" might exempt from property taxes any eventual assignee of that patent.

Here's a brief history of property taxes I found with a Startpage search:

http://eh.net/encyclopedia/history-of-p ... ed-states/

It doesn't give enough detail to be truly useful, but it does give enough information to show that the property tax is far from a recent invention.
I have not yet checked the link above, but In my research, "property tax" was not just for land. The states/commonwealths taxed land, horses, cattle, and negroes. (their words, not mine) Land appeared on tax lists when in warrant or survey stage, and left when it became a patent. Land that was once patented ended up back on tax rolls when:
- owner died intestate with no heirs or assigns
- owner got a mortgage
- subsequent owner got a mortgage

Most of the patented lands were farms. Around 1933, I find that a lot of this land was re-registered (pledged back to state, which by now was a new plane) so they could take agricultural benefits.

Now, the state says once patented (sold out of state) that land can't be re-patented. You can still obtain patents (the DNR patents their land) but not for previously patented land, or so I'm told.

When first researching patents 20+ years ago, people at the county would look at me like I was crazy. "There is no such thing as a patent on land..." they'd tell me. Now with the internet, there is a lot more info out there, but not all good. You need to be a good detective and just start digging.

Like I said in my first post, and Editor reiterated - Patents are not a silver bullet. They will not stop them from trying to sheriff sale your land, or trying to collect taxes or trying to exert their purported authority. If you keep in mind that much of the land in the south was patented, when seized by northern aggressors, you'll do well.
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